On Monday evening, the U.S. Senate returns from a week-long recess to take up President Donald Trump's proposed domestic spending bill, which he's dubbed the "One Big, Beautiful Bill."
The House of Representatives barely passed the bill last month in the wee hours of May 22. It was a coup for House Speaker Mike Johnson.
But passing it through the House was only halftime. And while House Republicans were just as divided as Senate Republicans, the upper chamber GOP has to navigate stricter and more arcane rules.
Senate Republicans have only 53 votes, which is not enough to overcome a Democratic filibuster. Thus, they plan to use a process called budget reconciliation, wherein they can pass legislation with only 51 votes as long as it is tied to the budget.
Trump has also said he understands the Senate will inevitably change the bill.
"I want the Senate and the senators to make the changes they want," he told reporters. "It will go back to the House and we'll see if we can get them. In some cases, the changes may be something I'd agree with, to be honest."
The bill also represents Senate Majority Leader John Thune's first major challenge. Thune inherited the mantle from his mentor Mitch McConnell after serving as the whip for Republicans since 2019. But to get this bill across the finish line, he will need to satisfy multiple factions and leaders in the Senate.
Here are the five groups that Thune will need to navigate.
Here are the five groups that Thune will need to navigate:
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